The Justice Thought - Systemic Racism in the Criminal Justice System
One of the most egregious examples of systemic racism in our country can be found within our criminal justice system. This article is based on information compiled by the American Bar Association (ABA).1
Protests that erupted in 2020 were related to police brutality against people of color. Those events focused on dialogues for avoiding violent first interactions between officers and individuals of color. However, those first interactions are not the only ones that are unjust. The criminal justice system’s pervasive problems with racism start before the first contact and continue through pleas, conviction, incarceration, release, and beyond.
The net effects of history’s injustices are staggering. According to statistics the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) examined, although black people make up 13.4 percent of the population, they make up:
- 22 percent of fatal police shootings,
- 47 percent of wrongful conviction exonerations, and
- 35 percent of individuals executed by the death penalty.
African Americans are incarcerated in state prisons at five times the rate of whites. Black men face disproportionately harsh incarceration experiences, compared with prisoners of other races. While youth committed to secure juvenile facilities has steadily declined from a high point of 77,835 in 1999 to 26,972 in 2017, troubling spots remain. Youth of color still enter the criminal justice system much more frequently than white youth and are more likely to be sentenced to harsher terms of punishment than their white peers. In 2017, 226 Black youth per 100,000 people were sentenced to secure placement in the United States, compared with 55 White youth per 100,000 people that same year.2
According to the Catholic Prison Ministries Coalition, “Racism is not only a sin of individuals who unjustly discriminate or fail to reflect about their own bias. Racism is also a sin woven into and perpetuated by institutions and structures to which we are all connected. To resist racism requires action by all to unmask and recreate these structures.”3
Future Justice Thoughts will explore these individual areas to shed more light on detailed causes and possible corrective actions for these injustices.
References:
- American Bar Association Website article by Shasta N. Inman, https://www.americanbar.org/groups/young_lawyers/publications/after-the-bar/public-service/racial-disparities-criminal-justice-how-lawyers-can-help
- Sickmund, M., Sladky, T.J., Kang, W., & Puzzanchera, C. (2019). Easy Access to the Census of Juveniles in Residential Placement. http://www.ojjdp.gov/ojstatbb/ezacjrp.
- Catholic Prison Ministries Coalition, https://www.catholicprisonministries.org/racism