Which are the chief moral virtues? The chief moral virtues are: prudence, justice, fortitude, and temperance; these are called cardinal virtues.
And if a man love justice, her labors have great virtues. For she teacheth temperance and prudence and justice and fortitude, which are such things as men can have nothing more profitable in life. (Wisdom 8:7)
Why are these virtues called cardinal virtues? These virtues are called cardinal virtues because they are like hinges on which hang all the other moral virtues and our whole moral life. The word "cardinal" is derived from the Latin word "cardo" meaning hinge.
Further reading: CCC 1805-1809
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